Loose-leaf binder.



R. M. WATSON.

LOOSE LEAF BINDER.

APPLICATION FILED IBB. s, 1913.

Patented Mar. 10, 1914,

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RICHARD M. WATSON, OIE DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO OTTO I. SENZIK, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

LOOSE-LEAF BINDER.

fatcn't ed Mar. it), l 914. Serial No. 746.423.

To all fle/0m it may emmer/1 Be it known that I, Bierman M. d/vrsos', a citizen ot' the United States, residing at Detroit, coimty of lVayne, Stale oil Michigan, have invented a certain new and usetui lniprm'cment in Loose-Leaf Binders7 and declare the following' to be a full, clear, and exact description ol thc same, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the saine, ret'- erence being' had to the accompanying drawinns, which torm a part ot this specification.

rif his invention relates to loose-leaf binders and has 'tor its object a loose-lea;F binder in which the pairs of clips are adjustably spaced from each other.

In the drawings: Figure l, is an elevation of one ot the adjustable bearings. Fig. 2, is a plan `View of the binder with the cover plate and the cap plates removed. Fig. 3, is an elevation of the completed binder, one oit the cap plates being,` removed. Fig'. 4i, is a section on the line f t-et of Fig'. Fig. 5, is a section on the line 5-5 ot Fia'. 3.

1 indicates the base plate which is :t'ormed by turning over the edges of a strip of metal as at 2 to form journal bearings for the clip bearings. These journal bearings at 3 are turned substantially completely back upon the metal of the base plate as indicated in Fig. 5 so as to form tubular journals that are adapted to incase the split clip-bearings It. These clip-bearings 4: are split longitudinally as shown in Fig. l and provided with shoulders at each end oil the split to limit the longitudinal movement in one direction. This allows the two adjoining' clip-bearing members to be lengthened or shortened so thatI the clips 6 may be inserted in perforations of the paper that are spaced different distances. At the same time each ot' the clips is positively connected with the other clips on that side so that their action is in the same manner as though the clips were connected with a solid wire.

In the form of clip bearing' and clip shown in Fig'. l, there are two splits in the clip-bearing. This is a three-clip bearing. lVhere only two clips are used, there is need only of one split in thc clip-bearing. This clip-bearing 4L I prefer to use in the form ot' wire that is bent back upon itseltI at the ends 7 forming hook portions which meet in a toggle as at 8. The hook portions are held in thisI relation by the use ol. a tooth 9 and a recess f1.0 that intcreug'ae'e. The resilience necessary to keep the-clips in open or closed position is all'orded in the wires in the manner that l have described in some et' my t'ormer aj'iplieations. Or the resiliency may in part or in whole reside in the back or base. plate. .l'n the forms that l have shown in Fijas. t and 5, the resiliency is resident in the wires so that a Vflat cover plate l1 may be employed.

Referring to Fig. 2, it will be noticed Athat the journal luarings do not extend the entire length oitl each side, but there are cutaway portions at l2 ot' some length which allows the sliding of the end clips toward or from each other and still 2rive space at such newly adjusted position to open out. inasmuch as the middle clip t3 always remains in the same location, it is not necessary to have a long' eut-away portion adjacent it so there but a short cut-away portion 13 that allows the opening out oit' the clips. In connection with each end pair ot' clips.` l employ a cap plate lfl which serves to cover up the lone' cutaway portions lQ and also, by the 'Friction that it produces in contacting thc cover plate, helps to hold the halt-rings in any `given position ot adjustment.. These cap plates lll have short cut-away portions l5 to allow the openingT up ot' the clips.

Examination oil Fie'. Il will disclose that thc clips (S rise perpendicular trom the plane of the base plate. Instead ot the clips being;F lialfa'ings as is customary, I employ straight posts that are arched at their tops. The clips are assembled into the clip-bearings by swag'ing the (flijrliezii'iiic' as at 1G so as to make it flat. The posts (3 have reduced p0rtions 17 that may be put through the bores that are made in the clip-bearings at the swaged portion and then be set so as to rivet them on the shoulder' 1S formed at the jnneturc of the post and the reduced portion 17. Against the shoulder 1S abuts the flat swag'ed portion 1G ot the clip bearing' and holds the post in its perpendicular relation with respect to the plane oft the base plate. This is a distinct advantage inasmuch as when the rings are closed, which is the relation in which they are most con'nnonly cniploycd, the posts do not form with any other portions of the structure7 acute angles which may hinder the turning of the leaves or which may suffice to tear them, but all the angles are right angles and there is little if no chance of the leaves becoming wedged therein or torn. The leaves are not tilted by the curved bases of the clips when the book is opened o-ut as is the case with the ordinary binder.

wWhat I claim is 1- 1. ln a loose-leaf binder, the combination of a base-plate, clip-bearings rotatably supported in the base plate, clips carried thereon, each clip-bearing operatively connecting the clips on one side of the base plate and being in itself eXtensible and contractible in its length to vary the spacing of the clips, substantially as described.

2. In a loose-leaf binder, the combination of a base plate, clip-bearings rotatably supported in connection with the base plate, the said clip-bearings being divided into one or `more sections, the said sections having overlapping and abutting faces, and a clip supported on each clip-bearing section whereby one pair of clips is operatively connected with another pair of clips and the pairs of clips are adjustable with respect to each other, substantially as described.

3. 1n a loose-leaf binder, the combination of a base plate provided with edges turned over to form tubular journal bearings, wire clip-bearings that are divided into one or more sections, the said sections having overlapping and abutting faces, and a clip rising from each clip-bearing section,the said overlapping portions of the sections being contained in the tubular journal bearings so that the pairs of clips are adjustable with respect to each other, but are operatively connected with each other, substantially as described.

et. ln a loose-leaf binder, the combination of a base plate, tubular bearings supported along parts of the length of the base plate, clip bearings journaled in said tubular bearings and comprising sections having overlapping and abutting faces, clips attached to the clip-bearing sections, which are adjustable one pair of clips with respect to another on account of the overlapping and abutting sections contained in the tubular bearings, a cover plate adapted to fit over the base plate and provided with cut-away portions that are adjacent to the portions of the base plate wherein there are no cap plate for each adjustable pair of clips adapted to conceal the cut-away portions of the cover plate, substantially as described.

5. In a loose-leaf binder, the combination of a base plate, tubular bearings supported along parts of the length of the base plate, clip bearings journaled in said tubular bearings, the said clip bearings being cylindrical members that are divided into sections by `splits which run transversely of the member tubular bearings, and a to the center, then lengthwise of the member and thence transversely to the other side, the said splits forming overlapping portions of the sections which are contained in the said tubular bearings, and clips supported on the respective'bearing sections, substantially as described.

ln testimony whereof, I sign this specifi cation in the presence of two witnesses.

RICHARD M. ATSON.

Witnesses STUART C. BARNES, AMELIA C. KonHN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, 'tvashingtom D. C. 

